.pgpass file in a user’s home directory or the file referenced by PGPASSFILE can contain passwords to be used if the connection requires a password (and no password has been specified otherwise). On Microsoft Windows the file is named %APPDATA%\postgresql\pgpass.conf (where %APPDATA% refers to the Application Data subdirectory in the user’s profile).
This file should contain lines of the following format:
hostname:port:database:username:password
You can follow below steps to connect to PostgreSQL or PostgreSQL compatible tool or database systems.
Step 1: Created the .pgpass file. Below command will create the hidden .pgpass file in the home directory.
vi ~/.pgpass
Step 2: Add the connection details with the instnace, port, database, user and password information in the below format. You can also use the wild card character like * as well.
PostgreSQLInstance1:5432:mydatabase:myuser:mypassword
*:*:mydatabase:myuser:mypassword
Step 3: On Unix systems, the permissions on .pgpass must disallow any access to world or group; achieve this by the command chmod 0600 ~/.pgpass. Changed file mode to 600 as below
chmod 600 ~/.pgpass
Step 4: Export the PGPASSFILE file
export PGPASSFILE=~/.pgpass
Step 5: Test the connection. PGSQL -w (lower case) option will not prompt for password and will connect using the password from the .pgpass file.
Example:
psql -U imuser -h MySQLPgsql.sqldbpool.com myDB -p 5432 -w -c “select * from tb1”
id
—-
3
1
2
(3 rows)
PGSQL -W (upper case) will prompt for the password even specified in .pgpass file.
Example :
psql -U imuser -h MySQLPgsql.sqldbpool.com myDB -p 5432 -w -c “select * from tb1”
Password for user imuser:
id
—-
3
1
2
